Experience the endless golden savannahs where the Great Migration unfolds. Home to Africa's Big Five and the greatest wildlife spectacle on Earth, the Serengeti is where dreams of African safari come alive.
The word Serengeti comes from the Maasai language meaning "endless plains." Discover fascinating facts about one of Africa's most iconic wildlife destinations and home to the greatest show on Earth.
Northern Tanzania, bordering Kenya's Masai Mara National Reserve
350,000 visitors per year from around the world
World Heritage Site since 1981
The Great Wildebeest Migration
Situated in northern Tanzania, the Serengeti spans almost 15,000 square kilometres of diverse landscapes shaped by ancient volcanic activity and extreme weather conditions.
The Serengeti is located completely in the northeastern part of the Simiyu region and the eastern Mara region of Tanzania. The park stretches across diverse landscapes from savannahs and open grasslands to hilly woodlands and riverine forests.
The habitats of the Serengeti are believed to have originated from a series of volcanoes. The volcanic activity helped shape the features of the ecosystem by adding craters and mountains to the surroundings, creating the diverse topography we see today.
The Mara River flows through the Kenyan highlands to Lake Victoria, where terrific migration crossings happen. This is the only river in the Serengeti ecosystem that flows permanently, making it crucial for wildlife survival.
Over 300 species of plants are recorded in Serengeti, including 15 alien species distributed throughout the park. Acacia trees and sausage trees are the two plants that Serengeti is famous for, easily spotted during game drives.
Woodlands are commonly found in the northern region of Serengeti, as this section is covered by hills that provide different microclimates and vegetation zones.
Lush savannahs with some acacia trees make up the surroundings of the Western Corridor. The Grumeti River also makes its way through these surroundings, creating vital water sources.
Even though Serengeti is situated in a remote corner, accessing the park is fairly easy through multiple options including flights and road transfers.
International Entry: Kilimanjaro International Airport (JRO) is the recommended point of entry, situated between Arusha and Moshi, around 320 km from Serengeti's southern entrance.
Airlines: KLM Royal Dutch Airlines, Kenya Airways, Turkish Airlines, Ethiopian Airlines, Emirates, and British Airways.
Regional Flights: Coastal Aviation and Grumeti Air operate flights from Arusha Airport (ARK) and Kilimanjaro International Airport.
Airstrips: There are seven airstrips in the park for convenient access.
Drive-in Safaris: Starting from Arusha, it takes about 7.5 hours to drive to the Serengeti. This option allows you to visit other parks along the way.
Self-Drive: Possible but not recommended. Requires careful planning and a 4WD safari vehicle. Fuel is available at the Seronera region.
Combination: You can book a one-way overland safari and fly back to Arusha for the best of both experiences.
Main access point, 45 km from Seronera region. Open 6:00 AM - 6:00 PM daily.
Western Corridor access, 145 km from Seronera. Last entry at 4:00 PM.
Northeastern region access. Open 6:00 AM - 6:00 PM daily.
Near Kenya-Tanzania border. Remote location, rarely utilized.
Northwestern border, one hour drive from Seronera region.
Southwestern region, 6 km from Grumeti Game Reserve.
From an unknown wilderness to one of the world's most famous national parks, the Serengeti's journey to recognition is as fascinating as the wildlife it protects.
Explorers described the unbelievable plains of the Serengeti and the enormous numbers of animals found there. This seemed too amazing to be true at the time.
The first photographs of the region came out, and everyone was left stunned at the sight of this spectacular wildlife haven.
An area of over 2,000 square kilometres was set up as a game reserve. This land is now known as the Southern and Eastern Serengeti.
The national park was officially established with headquarters based on the rim of the Ngorongoro Crater. The original park included what is now the Ngorongoro Conservation Area.
The Ngorongoro area was separated from the park so that the native Maasai communities could live and graze their cattle without interference.
The Masai Mara National Reserve was established in Kenya (1961), and the Lamai Wedge corridor was created (1965), allowing herds to migrate between Serengeti and Loita plains.
The Serengeti was among the first places to be declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site, recognizing its outstanding universal value to humanity.
The Serengeti experiences moderate and pleasant temperatures with distinct seasonal patterns. Contrary to popular belief, it rarely gets uncomfortably hot.
The park experiences a cool and dry season from May to August, a warm dry season in September and October, and a wetter hot season from November to April. Temperatures drop during nighttime and early mornings.
Two rainfall periods govern the climate: short rains in November and December, followed by long rains from March to May. The rains turn the landscapes into vibrant green, hence the term "green season."
Month | Min Temperature (°C) | Max Temperature (°C) | Rainfall (mm) |
---|---|---|---|
January | 16 | 29 | 80 |
February | 16 | 29 | 100 |
March | 16 | 29 | 135 |
April | 16 | 28 | 160 |
May | 15 | 27 | 90 |
June | 15 | 26 | 25 |
July | 14 | 26 | 15 |
August | 15 | 27 | 30 |
September | 15 | 28 | 60 |
October | 16 | 28 | 70 |
November | 16 | 28 | 115 |
December | 16 | 28 | 105 |
Note: Average maximum temperatures vary based on elevation: from 15°C around crater highlands to 30°C near Lake Victoria.
Each month offers unique experiences in the Serengeti. Choose your timing based on what you most want to see and experience.
January: Rolling grasslands are vibrant emerald. Ndutu plains offer greener surroundings attracting herbivores.
February: Calving season in Ndutu plains. Several wildebeests and zebras give birth - a spectacular sight!
March: End of green season as long rains begin. Great for budget travel with discounted costs and fewer crowds.
April: Perfect time for exploring off-beaten tracks with fewer tourists around.
May: Migrating herds move to western and central areas. Excellent for tracking the migration.
June: Peak safari season starts. Herds move north. Pack raincoats for afternoon showers.
July-September: Perfect time to witness the majestic wildebeest migration and famous Mara River crossings. Predator action at its peak as they wait for their next strike.
The circle of life comes full circle in these months - a spectacle so incredible it can bring tears to your eyes.
October-November: Short rain showers begin. Even though herds have moved to Kenya, wildlife viewing remains amazing. Great time for exclusive experiences in northern plains.
December: The migration cycle continues as herds return to Ndutu plains for breeding season, completing the circle.
Wildlife Viewing: June-October (dry season)
Migration Crossings: July-September
Calving Season: January-March
Birdwatching: November-April
Budget Travel: March-May, November
Packing smart is essential for your Serengeti adventure. Focus on light, comfortable, and breathable essentials that will enhance your safari experience.
Remember: Earth tones and neutral colors only. Avoid bright colors while on safari.
Essential for capturing memories and wildlife viewing!
Essential documents for smooth travel:
Protect yourself from malaria and insects:
Camouflage clothing: Military-inspired clothing is prohibited
Drones: Banned inside Serengeti National Park premises
Plastic bags: Banned in Tanzania (zip-lock bags are permitted)
Note: Most camps and lodges cannot handle high-power devices like hairdryers or hair straighteners due to power limitations.
The Serengeti ecosystem is divided into five primary safari areas, each offering unique wildlife experiences and landscapes. Understanding these regions helps you plan the perfect safari itinerary.
Known as: The Predator Capital of Tanzania
The southeastern area of Seronera is the center of wildlife viewing in the wet season (December to April). Huge herds of wildebeests gather here, making for amazing predator action.
Highlights:
Perfect for: Classic Tanzania Safari Experience
These vast open grasslands are home to several animals and serve as the site for the famous calving season from January to March.
Highlights:
Perfect for: Exclusive and Private Safari Experience
Located in the western reaches, this remote corner offers heightened game-viewing with limited visitors and walking safaris.
Highlights:
Perfect for: Remote and Scenic Safari
Undiscovered, beautifully scenic, and remote compared to Southern Serengeti, characterized by rolling green hills and dense vegetation.
Highlights:
Perfect for: River Crossings and Year-round Wildlife
An expanse of land following the Grumeti River from Central Serengeti towards Lake Victoria, featuring two major rivers and diverse habitats.
Highlights:
The Serengeti is home to an incredible diversity of wildlife, including the famous Big Five, over 500 bird species, and some of the largest concentrations of animals on the planet. Experience nature at its wildest and most spectacular.
Home to the largest density of lions in Africa with around 3,500 lions in over 300 prides. Lions live in prides because they're very sociable, with females doing most of the hunting. Witness tree-climbing lions in the Seronera region and observe fascinating pride behavior across the golden plains.
The elusive and graceful leopards are among the shyest members of the Big Five. They can be spotted resting on sausage trees along the Seronera River. With patience and expert guides, witness these magnificent spotted cats in their natural habitat - perfectly camouflaged when they don't want to be seen.
Over 7,000 elephants roam the Serengeti, often seen near waterholes and dense woodlands. Observe family groups as they navigate the endless plains in search of water and food. You can even catch sight of them from your accommodations as they drink from waterholes.
Imposing herds of Cape buffalo gather around waterholes throughout the park. These mighty beasts, known for their intense gaze and powerful build, are among Africa's most formidable animals. Their eyes will stare right into your soul.
Even though rhino populations are less compared to other African destinations, sightings are still possible. Female rhinos only give birth every five years, making them one of the rarest species on our planet. Conservation efforts have gone a long way to protect this wonderful endangered species.
The southeastern grasslands provide perfect hunting grounds for cheetahs. Watch these incredible speed machines in action as they pursue their prey across the open savannahs at speeds up to 70 mph.
Over 2 million of these hooved animals participate in the Great Migration. Long-necked giraffes, topis, impalas, elands, and Grant's gazelles are commonly seen throughout the park.
Riverine forests provide habitat for crocodiles and hippos. See lazy giants bathing, feeding, and relaxing at the famous Hippos Retina Pool and witness massive crocodiles during river crossings.
A birdwatcher's paradise featuring secretary birds, Kori bustards, Fischer's lovebirds, and five endemic species found nowhere else on Earth. The Serengeti-Mara ecosystem hosts these unique species that cannot be found anywhere else on the planet. Best viewing from November to April when North African and European migratory birds are also present.
Though not popular with visitors, insects play a critical role in the Serengeti ecosystem. Primary groups include grasshoppers, termites, moths, butterflies, dung beetles, and ants - all vital for the ecosystem's balance.
Witness the greatest wildlife spectacle on Earth as over 2 million wildebeest, zebras, and gazelles embark on their epic 800-kilometer journey in search of fresh grazing and water. This ancient cycle of life and death has continued for millennia.
The 800-kilometre journey is the largest mammal migration on Earth. The timing corresponds with the wet season when short grass plains turn lush green. The region is safer because shorter grass offers great calving spots where predators can be easily spotted, giving animals time to escape if danger arises.
Serengeti's northern ecosystem receives the highest rainfall, yet the grasses are least nutritious. This creates a clockwise movement pattern: south (calving), west (river challenges), north (dry season grazing), and back south again - completing the eternal cycle.
December-February: Main calving grounds in the Seronera region. Wildebeests stick around until long rains in late April/early May. The Ndutu plains become vibrant green.
February: Peak calving season - over 400,000 calves born in just a few weeks! This spectacle works as a magnet for predators, creating intense predator-prey interactions.
March-April: Herds move in search of greener grasses. Witnessing actual migration movement can be challenging, but large herds are definitely on the move.
Wildebeests prepare for their 800-kilometer journey. Witness over a million wildebeests marching in columns up to 40 km long - one of the greatest phenomena on the planet!
Major Challenge: Crossing the crocodile-infested Grumeti River. Many animals perish here as over 3,000 crocodiles wait patiently. This is the circle of life where only the strong survive.
After tackling the Grumeti River, herds face the greatest battle for survival at the Mara River. Thousands of wildebeest tumble into the great river where deadly crocodiles await.
This is where the most iconic migration photographs are taken. About half the herd stays on the Tanzanian side in the Mara Serengeti region, while others cross to Kenya's Masai Mara.
Herds cross the northern plains and Lobo hills region - a rarely visited area perfect for exclusive migration viewing. With the beginning of short rains in late October, herds make their way back to the Serengeti.
By late November, herds return to the short grass plains of the Ndutu region, and the Great Migration begins all over again.
While the Great Migration is spectacular, the Serengeti offers much more. The park supports incredible year-round wildlife viewing, rich Maasai culture, conservation efforts, and some of the most diverse ecosystems on Earth. Don't miss the broader Serengeti experience!
Experience the Serengeti through various exciting activities designed to showcase the park's incredible wildlife and landscapes. From classic game drives to hot air balloon safaris, each activity offers unique perspectives of this magnificent ecosystem.
Picture driving across the rich savannahs on a safari jeep, surrounded by mountains and craters. Right next to your vehicle, there's a gathering of wildebeests, and after driving for a while, you encounter a pride of lions. Morning and evening game drives offer the best wildlife viewing when animals are most active.
Best Times: Early morning (6:00 AM) and late afternoon (4:00 PM)
Get an aerial view of the rich savannah plains! Begin early in the morning and witness sunrise peeking from under the mountains, with large herds walking underneath. The panoramic view from above is simply stunning, followed by champagne breakfast. What a way to start your day!
Includes: Sunrise flight, champagne breakfast, panoramic views
Nothing will make you appreciate the complexity of life more than witnessing the greatest show on our planet! The circle of life comes to the forefront as you observe the natural course of life and the cruel beauty of nature. Catch the thrilling moments of survival as migrating herds face predators waiting patiently.
Highlights: River crossings, predator-prey interactions, survival drama
Safaris aren't just about game viewing! Cultural excursions offer glimpses into the lifestyle of native tribes. Many Maasai bomas welcome visitors to share their way of life and enriching stories. Learn about customs, traditions, and purchase authentic arts and crafts.
Experience: Traditional dances, village visits, authentic crafts, local schools
Available in select areas like Grumeti Game Reserve. Experience the bush on foot with armed guides, learning about smaller wildlife, tracking skills, and bush craft. Only a few areas in the Serengeti offer this special treat, making it an exclusive experience.
Available at: Grumeti Game Reserve with expert armed guides
In the middle of Serengeti, enormous round rocks rise from the land. These kopjes provide water and shade for wildlife and serve as vantage points for lions and predators. Game drives across this landscape make you feel like you're in the Lion King!
Wildlife: Lions, leopards, klipspringers, rock hyrax, raptors
The Serengeti offers spectacular wildlife viewing year-round, but different seasons provide unique experiences. Choose your timing based on what you most want to see and experience.
The peak safari season with excellent wildlife viewing conditions and the famous Mara River crossings.
The green season featuring calving, fewer crowds, and spectacular birdwatching opportunities.
From budget-friendly camps to ultra-luxury lodges, the Serengeti offers accommodations for every taste and budget. Wake up to the sounds of the African bush and fall asleep under a canopy of stars.
Authentic bush camping experiences with basic amenities and incredible value for money.
Comfortable lodges and tented camps offering excellent service and prime locations.
Ultra-luxury lodges with world-class service, gourmet dining, and exclusive experiences.
Protecting the natural ecosystem for generations to come! The survival of wildlife is paramount, and conservation efforts ensure future generations will enjoy these precious inheritances.
All national parks in Tanzania are managed by TANAPA (Tanzania National Parks Authority). In the Serengeti, TANAPA works closely with the Serengeti Conservation Project organization, dedicated to preserving the rich natural heritage and providing secure breeding grounds where diverse flora and fauna can flourish.
Ecotourism is on the rise in Tanzania, and TANAPA is committed to low-impact, sustainable visitation that protects the natural environment from irreversible damage. This includes closely monitoring human activities, regulating development, and controlled waste disposal.
Tourism helps generate international awareness of conservation issues. The presence of tourists helps prevent illegal poaching activities and assists park management with game management work, creating a sustainable cycle of protection and economic benefit.
Conservation efforts include dividing visitors and facilities to minimize human impact, careful waste disposal, and sustainable development practices. All activities are designed to ensure minimal environmental footprint while maximizing conservation benefits.
The culture inside the Serengeti is as rich as the wildlife. Experience the fascinating way of life of the Maasai people, who have coexisted with wildlife for centuries while preserving their traditional customs.
The pastoralist Maasai communities inhabit the eastern region of the Serengeti ecosystem, including the Narok district and Lolindo area. They have maintained their traditional way of life, making them a symbol of Serengeti and Tanzania's culture.
For centuries, the Maasai people have lived in harmony with wildlife and the Serengeti surroundings. They continue this tradition today while adapting to the modern world, learning to trade crafts, grow crops, and cooperate with Tanzania's tourism sector.
Maasai communities have established themselves as drivers, trackers, guides, and cooks in the tourism industry. This brings revenue to the government and provides training opportunities for younger generations while preserving cultural identity.
What You Can Experience:
The culture isn't just limited to current humans, but also human ancestors (Australopithecus Afarensis) who lived in the area for almost 4 million years, making this truly the cradle of humanity.
The marvellous Serengeti has captured the hearts of international leaders, celebrities, and notable figures from around the world. Here are some big names who have experienced the wonder of the endless plains.
Oscar Award winner and Hollywood actress visited Serengeti National Park over Easter holidays in 2021. She was thrilled by the experience and posted on Instagram: "This is not a zoom background, I promise! #elphie in the Serengeti." She also narrated the Discovery documentary titled 'Serengeti'.
Along with his wife Jada Pinkett Smith, Will Smith visited Serengeti in 2019 while shooting a National Geographic documentary titled 'Welcome to Earth'. The couple experienced the incredible wildlife and landscapes of the park.
In 2018, the 44th President of the United States visited Tanzania along with his wife and two children. They spent eight days in Tanzania, with part of this trip including Serengeti National Park and Kilimanjaro region.
The American singer-songwriter chose Serengeti National Park for his honeymoon safari. He and his wife Jessica Biel went on a hot air balloon ride, experiencing the breathtaking aerial views of the endless plains.
In 2021, the American basketball player Steph Curry visited Tanzania along with his wife. They experienced both the pristine beaches of the Zanzibar archipelago and the incredible wildlife of Serengeti National Park.
The endless plains of the Serengeti are teeming with natural splendours beyond imagination. A welcoming destination for couples, groups, backpackers, and families alike - the Serengeti truly offers something for everyone!
These are just the tip of the amazing takeaways of Serengeti National Park. Visit these endless plains and discover what lies in store for you! Archive them into your dream board and make cherished memories that will last a lifetime.
Join thousands of adventurers who have discovered the magic of Tanzania's endless plains. Let our expert guides show you the greatest wildlife spectacle on Earth.
Get answers to common questions about visiting Serengeti National Park and planning your safari adventure.